---
title: Embedding Indigenous Voice in Family Studies
description: A teacher's journey to find resources and ways to acknowledge the resiliency and distinctiveness of the various Canadian Indigenous Peoples and cultures in her Family in Canada course.
image: https://facingcanada.facinghistory.org/hubfs/FacingCanada_Files/Kristen%20Matrix.jpg
---

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# [Embedding Indigenous Voice in Family Studies](https://facingcanada.facinghistory.org/family-studies-blog-kristen)

Posted by [Kristen Drury](https://facingcanada.facinghistory.org/author/kristen-drury) on June 27, 2018

When I first found out I was teaching *Families in Canada*, a grade 12 Family Studies course, I immediately began to consider how I could embed Indigenous perspectives within my course. So often, as history teachers we tend to focus on significant events where Indigenous Peoples experience discrimination. What Facing History and Ourselves' pedagogy reminds me is to acknowledge the resiliency, distinctiveness and contemporary life of the many Indigenous peoples in Canada, their cultures and civilizations in my teaching. This seemed like a perfect opportunity to do both. 

I began my planning with a call to my program associate at Facing History.  From that conversation, I decided to structure my Family Studies course as an inquiry-based exploration into diverse cultural traditions, beliefs and practices of groups, structured around a life cycle.  The course was structured into 4 units:* Adolescents and Early Adulthood*, *Relationships and Marriage*, *Having and Raising Children*, and *Late Adulthood and Aging*. I wanted to find ways to celebrate various cultures and belief systems within each unit, recognizing that Western ideologies and stereotypical norms do not exemplify all lived experiences, and that all cultures can be recognized and celebrated.

I began with our first unit; *Adolescence and Early Adulthood*.

Students began by brainstorming different cultural groups and civilization groups (a term Cayuga scholar, Amos Key Jr. uses to to identify Indigenous groups) within Canada. After some assistance on my part, we developed a list that included (among others) Jewish Canadians, Spanish Canadians, the six nations of the Haudenosaunee Confederacy, the Anishinaabeg, and Inuit. I divided the class up into groups, and each chose a cultural heritage to research. They used their devices to examine major rites of passage that are marked as individuals pass into adulthood in these cultures and civilizations. Students took notes and then graphically represented their findings on a class padlet, before presenting to the class the various things they uncovered. These images were printed off and displayed in the classroom as we began to create a living life cycle that incorporated many different cultures and perspectives on the aging process. We continued to add to this as the year went on, through our various units.

![Kristen Padlet](https://facingcanada.facinghistory.org/hs-fs/hubfs/FacingCanada_Files/Kristen%20Padlet.png?width=1600&name=Kristen%20Padlet.png)

*Padlet used by students to visually represent information*

*photo credit: Kristen Drury*

 When we got into our *Having and Raising Children* unit, I realized that in addition to learning about, and appreciating unique and shared beliefs, practices and experiences across cultures, I would be remiss to leave out an inquiry into the "Sixties Scoop" and the current state of Indigenous children in the foster care and adoption system. The [Sixties Scoop](https://www.cbc.ca/cbcdocspov/features/the-sixties-scoop-explained) refers to the practice of Child Welfare agencies in Canada that fostered the adoption of First Nations and Métis children into families that were all too often non-Indigenous, and often without the knowledge or consent of the Indigenous families involved. At times, these children were even adopted out internationally. This practice has been seen as the continuation of forced assimilation that began with the Residential Schools. As of 2016, “First Nations, Métis and Inuit youth made up 52 percent of foster children younger than 14 in Canada, despite representing just eight per cent of that age group, according to Statistics Canada” (Edwards, 2018). This shows that although officially this practice may have ended, it is in many ways still continuing on today.

Recently I had read an article and video published by *Maclean's* that examined this very[issue](https://www.macleans.ca/first-nations-fighting-foster-care/). I began there. In groups students watched the video, read the article, and used a question matrix to generate questions about children in out-of-home care.

![Kristen Matrix](https://facingcanada.facinghistory.org/hs-fs/hubfs/FacingCanada_Files/Kristen%20Matrix.jpg?width=1200&name=Kristen%20Matrix.jpg)*Question Matrix photo credit: Kristen Drury*

After examining their questions, I realized that many of my students had questions that reflected a gap in their knowledge of historical contributing factors. The next day, I came in with a chapter from [Chelsea Vowel’s](http://www.portageandmainpress.com/product/indigenous-writes/) *Indigenous Writes* that examines the Sixties Scoop and how it is still impacting families today. As a class, we read the article, and students went back to their matrix and answered the questions that they were now able to through discussion.

![indigenous writes](https://facingcanada.facinghistory.org/hs-fs/hubfs/FacingCanada_Files/indigenous%20writes.jpg?width=198&name=indigenous%20writes.jpg)

*Chelsea Vowel's Indigenous Writes*

 

Students began searching social media, local news outlets, their textbooks and the internet in the hopes of finding answers for the questions in front of us.  Some of the resources we used were the [Sixties Scoop Class Action Lawsuit](https://sixtiesscoopclaim.com/), Indigenous voices on Twitter such as Jesse Wente and Cindy Blackstock, testimonies found in [Facing History and Ourselves' publication, *Stolen Lives:The Indigenous Peoples of Canada and the Indian Residential Schools*](https://www.facinghistory.org/stolen-lives-indigenous-peoples-canada-and-indian-residential-schools), as well as stories coming out of the [Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women inquiry](http://www.mmiwg-ffada.ca/).

More often than not, these searches just led to more questions. The question “how could the government continue to do this?” continued to plague students, especially when they considered all the evidence condemning this practice. While we were able to discuss the legacy of assimilation, the fear of the “other,” and the lack of political will for change, there was no definitive answer we were able to reach as a class. Instead, we focused on the role of individuals to advocate for change. 

Students expressed feelings of outrage, frustration and disbelief at many of the things that were discussed. In fact, several students felt so passionately about this topic that they took it on as their culminating assignment where they had to find a way to impact change through social action projects. Several wrote petitions to the government, created social media campaigns and designed posters educating people about what is happening in these communities.

![Kristen Project-1](https://facingcanada.facinghistory.org/hs-fs/hubfs/FacingCanada_Files/Kristen%20Project-1.jpg?width=600&name=Kristen%20Project-1.jpg)*Culminating Assignments photo credit: Kristen Drury*

Studying this issue was eye opening for my students. They began to understand that assimilation is a continued policy with a different face, and that it is still being talked about because it continues to be perpetuated by the state. I think it also helped to take the issues of child apprehension out of history and making it more tangible through study of Family units and in a familiar context of discussions around the care of children and adolescents.

 

Our school is highly populated with first and second generation immigrants who feel a strong tie to their cultural history.  As they read testimonies of individuals affected by the Sixties and Millennial Scoops, students questioned how their own lives would be different if their cultural heritage was taken away from them in the way Indigenous culture was systematically stripped away. They responded with empathy and made connections that highlighted our common humanity and our collective loss.

 

I hope to continue on in my journey to be and create allies for Indigenous Peoples in the process of Reconciliation and continue to find new resources and and ways to bring Indigenous voice and teachings into my classroom.

 

**Next Steps**

How do you embed Indigenous voices in your classes?

What resources do you find most helpful?

 

 Topics: [Equity in Education](https://facingcanada.facinghistory.org/topic/equity-in-education), [Decolonizing Schools](https://facingcanada.facinghistory.org/topic/decolonizing-schools), [Family Studies](https://facingcanada.facinghistory.org/topic/family-studies)

![](https://facingcanada.facinghistory.org/hs-fs/hubfs/Kristen.jpg?height=100&name=Kristen.jpg)

**Written by [Kristen Drury](https://facingcanada.facinghistory.org/author/kristen-drury)**   

 Kristen Drury is a history, social science and ESL teacher with the Peel District School Board. She currently teaches at Glenforest Secondary School. Kristen is passionate about finding ways to help students engage with history and wants them to feel challenged to take action. She strives to find new ways to incorporate inquiry based learning and critical thinking into her teaching practice. Follow her on twitter at @Ms\_Drury.

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- [Universe of Obligation (1)](https://facingcanada.facinghistory.org/topic/universe-of-obligation)
- [Using Technology (1)](https://facingcanada.facinghistory.org/topic/using-technology)
- [Waller (1)](https://facingcanada.facinghistory.org/topic/waller)
- [Woodland Cultural Centre (1)](https://facingcanada.facinghistory.org/topic/woodland-cultural-centre)
- [all community read (1)](https://facingcanada.facinghistory.org/topic/all-community-read)
- [asian canadian (1)](https://facingcanada.facinghistory.org/topic/asian-canadian)
- [dance (1)](https://facingcanada.facinghistory.org/topic/dance)
- [digital stories (1)](https://facingcanada.facinghistory.org/topic/digital-stories)
- [gender (1)](https://facingcanada.facinghistory.org/topic/gender)
- [geographic inquiry model (1)](https://facingcanada.facinghistory.org/topic/geographic-inquiry-model)
- [human geography (1)](https://facingcanada.facinghistory.org/topic/human-geography)
- [land acknowledgements (1)](https://facingcanada.facinghistory.org/topic/land-acknowledgements)
- [little rock 9 (1)](https://facingcanada.facinghistory.org/topic/little-rock-9)
- [mmiwg (1)](https://facingcanada.facinghistory.org/topic/mmiwg)
- [positionality (1)](https://facingcanada.facinghistory.org/topic/positionality)
- [settler eucators (1)](https://facingcanada.facinghistory.org/topic/settler-eucators)
- [sovereignty (1)](https://facingcanada.facinghistory.org/topic/sovereignty)
- [summer institute (1)](https://facingcanada.facinghistory.org/topic/summer-institute)
- [territorial acknowledgement (1)](https://facingcanada.facinghistory.org/topic/territorial-acknowledgement)
- [transgender awareness week (1)](https://facingcanada.facinghistory.org/topic/transgender-awareness-week)
- [white supremacy (1)](https://facingcanada.facinghistory.org/topic/white-supremacy)
- [world history (1)](https://facingcanada.facinghistory.org/topic/world-history)

see all

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